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Transcatheter pulmonary valve replacement: valves, techniques of implantation and outcomes

N Holoshitz & ZM Hijazi

Transcatheter pulmonary valve replacement (tPVR) has revolutionized the world of interventional congenital and structural cardiology. Congenital heart disease affects up to one in every 100 live births in the USA and the tPVR procedure has allowed many of these patients to undergo a less invasive procedure instead of additional cardiac surgery. tPVR is performed primarily in patients with a right ventricle (RV) to pulmonary artery (PA; RV-PA) conduit and/or a bioprosthetic valve; however, it can also be performed in patients whose native right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT) was repaired surgically if there is significant stenosis. The RVOT can be stented, creating a ‘conduit’ between the RV and the PA.