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Sex-related differences in transcatheter aortic valve replacement outcomes: what do interventionalists need to know?

RT Hahn

Females exhibit differences in morphologic, hemodynamic and ventricular response to progressive aortic stenosis (AS), with better overall survival rates compared with males. In addition, females and males differ in baseline characteristics at the time of intervention for symptomatic severe AS. Females have a higher risk of death with surgical aortic valve replacement compared with males. Despite higher incidences of vascular complications, major bleeding and possibly strokes with transcatheter aortic valve replacement, females had better intermediate and long-term mortality compared with males. This review will summarize the data on sex differences in AS and transcatheter aortic valve replacement outcomes.