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Nutritional dietes, Contemporary Researches on Diabetes

Dr. Ahmed Elhagri

Diabetes is a major public health problem and is emerging as a pandemic. The fundamental cause of obesity and overweight is an energy imbalance between calories consumed and calories burned up. Physical activity is one of the mainstay clinical interventions for preventing metabolic diseases, and dietary habits are the primary factor for the rapidly rising incidence of DM. Reducing weight and maintaining a healthy weight, reducing energy intake, and food intake high in vegetables, fruit, whole grains, legumes, nuts, and dairy products are core parts of management. We performed a narrative literature review, manual-search of reference lists of included articles, and relevant reviews. The definition of what constitutes a healthy diet is continually shifting to reflect the evolving understanding of the roles that different foods, essential nutrients, and other food components play in health and disease. A large and growing body of evidence supports that intake of certain types of nutrients, specific food groups, or overarching dietary patterns positively influences health and promotes the prevention of common non-communicable diseases (NCDs). Greater consumption of health-promoting foods and limited intake of unhealthier options are intrinsic to the eating habits of certain regional diets such as the Mediterranean diet or have been constructed as part of dietary patterns designed to reduce disease risk, such as the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) or Mediterranean-DASH Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay (MIND) diets. The main purpose of this review was to discuss the role of psychosocial factors and diet in the control of type II Diabetes. Diabetes is the leading cause of kidney failure and new cases of blindness among adults in the US. It is also associated with increased risks of cardiovascular disease, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis and was estimated to be the seventh leading cause of death in the US in 2017. Screening asymptomatic adults for prediabetes and type 2diabetes may allow earlier detection, diagnosis, and treatment, with the ultimate goal of improving health outcomes.