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Brief overview of lipoprotein (a) in atherosclerosis processes: Measurements and therapeutic strategies

Anastasia V. Poznyak, Vasily N. Sukhorukov, Mikhail A. Popov, Andrey V Grechko, Alexander N. Orekhov

There is ample evidence confirming Lipoprotein (a) pathogenicity. As an independent cardiovascular risk factor, Lp(a) can aggravate Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) in various ways contributing to the development of atherosclerosis, thrombosis, and inflammation. In this review, we will summarize currently available knowledge on Lp(a) physiological and biochemical properties underlying its impact on CVD, as well as describe the established mechanisms through which Lp(a) is involved in atherogenesis and CVD progression. We will also look at various measures aimed at Lp(a) management and alleviation of associated cardiovascular risk. Different Lp(a) measurement methods will be considered. In the last section of the paper, we compare existing therapeutic strategies for Lp(a) reduction and compare them by such parameters as clinical efficacy in decreasing CVD risk, availability, tolerability, and safety